Good question about the multiple domains, I have a few traditional postfix/virtual domain boxes and you can only do a single PTR per IP. All my boxes deliver fine.
PTR and reverse DNS are the same things, one's just more geeky
SPF, domain key, feedback loop, and abuse@... are all efforts you may (or may not) choose to implement as further verification you're not a spammer, usually used by the big guys (AOL, hotmail, etc), I just waited to see if I had delivery problems, then added those when I got the time, or when you get an e-mail from AOL, hotmail or whomever asking about it. I know this is not the 100% eletist super-geeky purist way to do it, but it works and will get you up and running, and in your spare time you can read about them in great depth while you're in your mom's basement awaiting a call from a supermodel

Don't get me wrong, they're good to do, but if you need to get up quickly, you should be fine, do the rest when you get home from a REAL date. At that point, look at the postfix user list archives on neohapsis, there's some really good reading there that will help you sort out the other stuff.